Kyphosis is a spinal condition characterized by an excessive forward rounding of the upper back, creating a hunched or rounded posture. While a slight forward curve of the spine is normal, kyphosis refers to a curve greater than 50 degrees.
Types of Kyphosis
- Postural Kyphosis: The most common type, often due to slouching or poor posture, usually correctable.
- Scheuermann's Kyphosis: A structural condition that develops during adolescence where the vertebrae grow unevenly.
- Congenital Kyphosis: Present from birth due to abnormal spinal development in the womb.
- Degenerative Kyphosis: Often seen in older adults due to degenerative disc disease or vertebral compression fractures from osteoporosis.
Symptoms of Kyphosis
- Rounded, hunched appearance of the upper back
- Back pain and stiffness
- Tenderness in the spine area
- Fatigue
- In severe cases: difficulty breathing, nerve compression
Causes
Kyphosis can be caused by:
- Poor posture (especially in children and teens)
- Osteoporosis and vertebral fractures
- Degenerative disc disease
- Scheuermann's disease
- Congenital spinal abnormalities
- Spinal injuries or tumors
Diagnosis
Diagnosis involves a physical examination, measurement of spinal curvature, and imaging (X-ray, MRI, or CT scan) to determine the type and severity of kyphosis.
Treatment Options
Treatment depends on the type and severity:
- Conservative Treatment: Physical therapy, exercises, postural training, bracing (for growing children with Scheuermann's).
- Pain Management: NSAIDs, analgesics for pain relief.
- Osteoporosis Treatment: Calcium, vitamin D, bisphosphonates to prevent progression.
- Surgery: Required for severe structural kyphosis, neurological compromise, or failure of conservative management. Options include spinal fusion or osteotomy.
At Arihant Neuro, Dr. Shailesh Jain specializes in both conservative and surgical management of spinal deformities including kyphosis. Early consultation can prevent progression and preserve quality of life.
